"...referenced, removed and replaced ..."

[+Cooke17513]

In the description of a PLSS corner, exactly what does "referenced" mean when a surveyor writes --

"Referenced, removed and replaced 5/8" iron rod with 2" diameter iron pipe 24" long with 3-1/4" brass cap ..."

 

Does it simply mean that the bearings and distances from the iron rod to pre-existing bearing trees are re-measured?

What if there are discrepancies between previous surveys and the present one?

[+Ernmark]

In the description of a PLSS corner, exactly what does "referenced" mean when a surveyor writes --

"Referenced, removed and replaced 5/8" iron rod with 2" diameter iron pipe 24" long with 3-1/4" brass cap ..."

 

Does it simply mean that the bearings and distances from the iron rod to pre-existing bearing trees are re-measured?

What if there are discrepancies between previous surveys and the present one?

 

I believe they also could have held the position with a tripod set over the mark - you might want to post the question over in the Geocaching Benchmarking Forums as there are a number of professional surveyors that read/post there..

[+Revent]

Generically, it 'should' mean that they created temporary reference marks using something along the lines of surveyor's nails, took measurements, dug out the old mark, and so forth. There is a NGS document that gives a formal procedure for how to set a reset benchmark, and it specifies something along those lines.

 

I'd think it would be difficult to achieve a really accurate replacement with measurements from something like trees....they are really just intended to be finding aids. I'm not a surveyor, tho.