1832 The United States Department of the Treasury adopted yard, avoirdupois pound, gallon, and bushel standards.
In 1830 the Senate directed that a survey of the situation be made and this task was passed to F.R. Hassler, Superintendent of the Coast Survey. As expected, he found that the weights and measures used in various ports differed from each other significantly, though their average values appeared to agree well with the values used in England. He filed a preliminary report in 1831, followed by a final report in 1832, and Congress finally directed that something be done by the Secretary of the Treasury.4
The Secretary of the Treasury (under whom the Coast Survey office worked) settled upon standardizing on the yard, pound, gallon, and bushel in use in England at the time of the American Revolution. In 1815, Hassler had bought a yard scale made by Troughton of London in 1814. This Troughton scale would later serve as a U.S. standard yard, from 1832 to 1857, when it was superseded by the Bronze Yard. The pound selected was the pound avoirdupois and was scaled up from the troy pound used by the mint by the factor of 7000/5760, those two numbers being in terms of the grain, which remains the unit of mass common to both pounds. The gallon selected was the Queen Anne wine gallon, most commonly used in the United States at that time and used in Great Britain until 1824. The bushel selected was the Winchester bushel, which appears to date back in England to the time of Henry VII. The size attributed to this bushel in the United States was 2150.42 cubic inches based on the average of the American port survey results. As it turns out, the Winchester bushel used in England had been set at 2148.28 cubic inches, so right from the start the American bushel differed from even the old English bushel. At the time they were selected, the gallon and bushel selected were no longer used in Great Britain, though they had been at the time of the American Revolution. Thus, the nonmetric standards in the U.S at this time were not "Imperial" as many Americans today tend to believe. Imperial measures in Great Britain were not established until 1824, after the American Revolution.4, 14